INPUT OUTPUT QUESTIONS
Input
Output Questions
These types of questions regularly come in the competitive examinations.
Although they may look complex but they are not so tough. Only factor in that
they are time-consuming and time is premium in a competitive test these days.
What
is this?
Generally one is asked to imagine that there is some kind of computer or
Machine. This machine have to given a instruction to perform certain kind of
action in each step after that is gave a desire output.
Consider
the following Input Output Questions problem
Input : Sale data 18 23
for 95 then 38
Step I : data sale 18 23 for
95 then 38
Step II : data 95 sale 18 23
for then 38
Step III : data 95 for sale 18
23 then 38
Step IV : data 95 for 38 sale
18 23 then
Step V : data 95 for 38 sale
23 18 then
Step VI : data 95 for 38 sale
23 then 18
And step VI is last step
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Now short approach to solve this is not to see whole pattern but
directly see the last step. Generally it will arrange words according to
dictionary in forward or reverse manner and digits also in ascending or
descending form. It could be any pattern given by the examiner, but in almost
all cases you will be able to figure out the pattern by watching the
last step only
In this question we can see in last step that ENGLISH alphabets are in dictionary order starting
from
A to Z and numbers are in descending order, so our half work
is done… as we know the pattern of the arrangement i.e. first an english letter
with higher order, then highest number, then english letter in
ascending number, then number just less than
highest number and so on…….
One more step is to see that words are arranged in each step by shifting
or swaping
Shifting : shifting means tat desire numberor alphabet comes to its
place and all the words and letters are shifted as it is after that word
For eg:
data
goat solo eat her zoo
now eat has to come before goat so we shift it as
data
eat (goat solo her zoo) arranged as it is
Swapping : In this type one word is replaced by other one
For eg
Data
goat solo eat her zoo
We swap it as
Data
eat solo goat her zoo
(here eat and goat are interchanged)
Now
as per the present scenario we mostly have shifting type of pattern and we have
a short trick for it to find answers of question!!!
If it is given in question that Second step of input is so and so find
fifth step, so in these question instead of solving it completely, we can see
that if given step is second step so AT LEAST two
words are already arranged so look at the given stucture that if 2 or 3
or how many words are arranged after that instead of writing it step by
step cut the words with PENCIL which
are arranged and then cut the next word which should come next and increase the
counter of the steps i.e. step 3 in your mind, then cut next word that should
come in the arrangement and increase step counter. One thing that is to be
noted that is you should not worry about the arrangement that should come after
shifting because after cutting the word in the arrangement, the uncut words
will always make correct pattern after shifting.
In some cases the required word or number which is to be
arranged is first letter in the first letter of the resulting arrangement, in
this case we will cut the word or number but we will not increase the step
counter as we do not have to shift it anywhere, it was already at its place.
For eg:
It is given that first step of the arrangement is
Data
eat solo goat her zoo
Then according to the rule at least one word is already in its place
i.e. data is in its correct place, now we check the next letter EAT, and we
find that this too is on its correct place so 2 letters are already arranged.
Data
eat solo goat her zoo (Step I)
so we first cut these words and proceed forward to check out next letter
in the arrangement, and we find that next letter should be GOAT, so we cut it
and increase the step counter so it will be our Step II.
Data
eat solo goat her
zoo (Step II)
Then next word should be HER so we cut that letter and increase the
counter by one and it becomes step number III
Data
eat solo goat her zoo
(Step III)
After step III we find our next letter of the arrangement which should be
SOLO, so we will cut that letter BUT COUNTER FOR STEP NUMBER WILL NOT
INCREASE because it is already in its place. So we are still on step III.
Data
eat solo goat her zoo (Step III)
After this we will look out for next letter which is ZOO, so we will cut
it and this time also we will not increase the step counter as it is also on
its correct place.
Data
eat solo goat her zoo (Step III)
* Generally there is a question in which it is asked that step III or
any step of the arrangement is so and so, then he asks any of the previous
steps than step III or whichever step is given, step I or step II in this case.
In these question the answer will be CANNOT BE DETERMINED.
Explanation : For these type of question answer will be CBD as we
can see in above example also that the word which is to be arranged can come
from any where i.e. its position could be anywhere in the given pattern before
actual arrangement, we can see that goat comes before solo in the above example
after actual arrangement, but in the provided input it was after SOLO, so
position of any word cannot be determined in previous step and hence we cannot
find pattern of previous step.
Shortcut
Guideline to solve Input Output Questions
(1) 1st see output
then input because without knowing what is final result you may be confused.
Let suppose there is a pen it made with ink, nib, plastic cover
etc. first if you will see the pen then you imagine how this pen made.
Otherwise you have to give ink, nib plastic cover than you not imagine what
happened.
So, 1st step should
be see the output.
(2) 2nd step is the
‘see input’.
(3) 3rd step is ‘see
other steps that how the output formed’.
Remember
for Input Output Questions
(1) We cannot find
previous step means if 5th step or 4th step is given
and we have to find out 3rd, 2nd and input.
Then we cannot find it. So, our answer will be Cannot be determined